Emotional Abuse Therapy Assignment Outline - 1616 Words

Emotional Abuse Therapy Assignment Submitted to Dr. Robin Walsh for Principles of Counseling PSY 4402 Submitted by Heather J. Winkler Troy University October 4, 2017 Abstract â€Å"Emotional abuse is the most common form of abuse – and yet least talked about† (Munro, 2011). Studies have shown that regardless of country of residency, native language, gender, age, sexual orientation, religious belief or economic status, emotional abuse is often seen as an â€Å"acceptable form of communication† (Munro, 2011) and in many cases, normal. But as mental health professions, we know this is not the case, and it often breaks our hearts to see another human being suffer especially when we are unable to convince our clients to leave their abuser.†¦show more content†¦However, with compassion for the victim and the enormous amount of guilt they struggle with, emotional abuse can be stopped (Stosny, 2009). Theories A Counselor Should Understand Behavioral Theory â€Å"Humans are the producers and products of their environment†¦ Learning can be used to change behavior† (Gladding, 2018). Counselors should understand that in regards to emotional abuse, the behavioral theory can be used to explain the action of the event as well as the reinforcement that occurs. For the abuser, this reinforcement comes as a positive one in where the action made them feel better perhaps even powerful given that there wasn’t any repercussions. For the victim, it was negative because they began to internalize the actions of the abuser by believing that in some way shape or form, they were ultimately responsible for the deplorable behavior exhibited by the abuser. â€Å"Counselors need to be active in the counseling session, take on the role of consultant, teacher, adviser, reinforce, and facilitator† (Gladding, 2018). CounselorsShow MoreRelatedSurvivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse1458 Words   |  6 PagesSexual abuse vict ims often have a difficult time overcoming the trauma. Victims struggle overcoming the trauma and heightening their self-worth. In individual therapy, clients often like to live in the past which makes it difficult to learn how to cope in the here and now. Survivors, unless they ve had therapy, often do not connect their present ways of coping and affective states with their experience of childhood sexual abuse. For many clients, shame, anxiety, depression, and concerns aboutRead MoreDialectical Behavior Therapy Is A Second Wave Therapy1065 Words   |  5 PagesDialectical Behavior Therapy is a Third Wave Therapy created by Marsha Linehan in the 1970’s. It comes from a Cognitive Behavioral perspective. In High School she wanted to become a psychiatrist and work with the most mentally disturbed patients. 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In the mid-1950s, his publications declined as he played an active role as a parent to his youngRead More Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Bulimia Nervosa Essay2928 Words   |  12 PagesCognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Bulimia Nervosa INTRODUCTION Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating as well as by self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse (Mitchell, 1986). Episodes of overeating typically alternate with attempts to diet, although the eating habits of bulimics and their methods of weight control vary (Fairburn et al., 1986). The majority of bulimics have a body weight within the normal range for their height, build, and age, and yet possess

Hiv/Aids Pandemic in Liberia - 5712 Words

Arthur Barclay Business College Stella Maris Polytechnic St. Joseph Campus, Capitol Hill, Monrovia, Liberia Course Title: English 201: Sophomore English I Topic: HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC: â€Å"Its Social Ramifications and Impacts on the Liberian Society† Thesis: Perhaps the most life-threatening, incurable but preventive disease to the human race is the HIV/AIDS Pandemic, and the awareness and understanding of its social ramifications and impacts on the Liberian society is paramount. Prepared by: Johnson S. N. Williams, ID#: 04576 Student, English 201, à ¸2 â€Å"In Partial Fulfilment for a required course for the A.A. Degree in Business Administration/Management† Submitted to: Peter D. N. Duncan, MSc. Lecturer, English 201†¦show more content†¦There are appendices attached which conclusions. I must acknowledge and appreciate the Government of Liberia through the NACP for allowing me access to materials that support this report. Not also forgetting my course lecturer, Mr Peter D.N. Duncan, MSc. in Education, for providing theoretical and moral guidance throughout the assignment period. I hope this paper has met its objective as the topic depicts. provide statistical data that support my analysis and 1 Khalipha M. Bility, Ph.D., Program Manager, NACP Annual HIV and AIDS Review 2007-2008, pp. 2 Page 2 of 15 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com II. HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC: â€Å"Its Social Ramifications and Impacts on the Liberian Society† The historical accounts and facts of the discovery of the HIV/AIDS virus in Liberia can be traced as far as in 1986 when the first diagnosis was made at Curran Lutheran Hospital in Lofa. Since that time, not much realistic and reliable statistics and information had been made available. The Government of Liberia had only responded with the establishment of the National AIDS and STIs Control Programme (NACP) in 2001. This agency has got the statutory mandate of national oversight responsibility of all cases relating to the dreadful disease. To date, Liberia is diagnosed of three types of the pandemic: HIV-1, HIV-2, and the combination of both (HIV-12). Incidences of HIV/AIDS cases in Liberia, from 1986 to 1997,Show MoreRelatedA Perspective of Poverty and HIV on Sub-Saharan Africa1018 Words   |  4 Pagespoverty and HIV on Sub-Saharan Africa The majority of people currently living with HIV are in Sub-Saharan Africa where this infectious immune disease has had a devastating impact mentally, physically, economically and socially since this pandemic began. Sub-Saharan Africa is about 15% of the worlds population, and it has approximately seventy percent of the people living with HIV. In 2011 there were 23,500,000 people living with HIV, and 1,200,000 annual AIDS deaths. The new HIV infectionsRead MoreChapter 2 : Of Microbes And Men977 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolving the addition of a phosphate group to the amino acid tyrosine in host cell, proteins. 3. Based on Chapter 12: Marburg and Ebola Hemorrhagic Fevers (Pages 247 – 268) a. List three countries where pandemic of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever was reported in 2014. (5 points) Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. b. Describe briefly the cultural practices of people in the country you mentioned in part (a) that the scientists suspected of contributing to the spread of this disease. (15 points) In theseRead MoreUse of Social Marketing to Control the STDs Pandemic Essay1945 Words   |  8 Pagestimes, the later decades of the 20th century has seen a pandemic that is wrecking just as much havoc on the globe- Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and one in particular- HIV and AIDs. 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Sierra Leone on the other handRead MoreIdentifying The Structural Violence And The National Security Problems, Destabilizing Economies And Regimes, And But Threatening International Essay2249 Words   |  9 Pagesof the disease early on and why was the international community slow to respond. It is my view that any developing country (especially fragile, post conflict states) would have struggled with an epidemic of this nature, not just Sierra Leone and Liberia. However, as many fragile states have under-developed health systems, the real questions are: â€Å"why are the health systems under-resourced to provide basic primary care† and â€Å"why did the global health governing system fail to react in time†? GoingRead More The Impact of the Ebola Virus on Africa Essay example3437 Words   |  14 PagesThe Liberian Finance Minister has also revised downward the IMF country growth forecast of 5.9%[1]. The panic and confusion could be more disruptive than the disease itself. While one cannot put money value to life, the true economic costs of pandemics are usually way off the mortality figures. For example, the outbreak of a relatively rare disease like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) with 8,273 cases as of 2003, caused just over 800 deaths[2]. But in terms of damage to the global economyRead MoreThe Epidemic Of The Swine Flu2433 Words   |  10 Pages(CIDRAP), a study done by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Policy (CDC) on the 2009 Swine Flu outbreak reveals the global death toll to be 284,000 (Roos R, 2014) Although this statistic may not seem as significant to the current AID/HIV pandemic, the lethality of the Swine Flu is far greater, and so is Ebola with a 50% survival rate and an estimated 14 day life expectancy once symptoms onset according to the CDC. Stricter regulations and aggressive countermeasures are needed to combatRead MoreBackground Guide Of World Health Organization7133 Words   |  29 Pages Global Epidemic disease 1.Retrospect of the epidemic disease​​​​​​​ Case1 Aids​​​​​​​ 1.Aids 2.The cause of Aids and Aids’ human factor​ ​​ 3.The distributing of aids Suggestions for Further Research Relevant UN Action Case2Read MoreWhat Is HIV1762 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿HIV What is HIV/AIDS? HIV stands for Human immunodeficiency Virus. This virus weakens a person s ability to fight infections. During HIV infection, the virus attacks and destroys the infection-fighting CD4 cells, a type white blood cell. The loss of CD4 cells makes it difficult to fight infections, and so, one would be most susceptible to any and every illness. 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Araby †Summary Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"Araby† is a narrative of the waking up of a male child groping toward maturity and how different the universe is compared to how he would wish to see it. The hooky players in â€Å"An Encounter† managed to play truancy from school without any major effects ; no 1 prevented them from traveling across town on a weekday or even asked the male childs where they were traveling. Similarly. the immature supporter of this narrative leaves his house after nine o’clock at dark. when â€Å"people are in bed and after their first slumber. † and travels through the metropolis in darkness with the acquiescence of his defenders. Like the chief character in â€Å"The Sisters. † this male child lives non with his parents but with an aunt and uncle. the latter of whom is surely good-natured but seems to hold a imbibing job. When the adult male returns place. he is speaking to himself and he about knocks over the coat rack. He has forgotten about his promise to the male child. and when reminded of it — twice — he becomes distracted by the connexion between the name of the bazar and the rubric of a verse form he knows. The boy’s aunt is so inactive that her presence proves inconsequential. Like â€Å"An Encounter. † â€Å"Araby† takes the signifier of a pursuit — a journey in hunt of something cherished or even sacred. Once once more. the pursuit is finally in vain. In â€Å"An Encounter. † the Pigeon House was the object of the hunt ; here. it is Araby. Note the sense of something passionately sought. against the odds: â€Å"We walked through the aflare streets. jostled by bibulous work forces and dickering adult females. amid the expletives of laborers. the sharp litanies of shop-boys who stood on guard by the barrels of pigs’ cheeks. the rhinal intonation of street-singers. . . . These noises converged in a individual esthesis of life for me: I imagined that I bore my goblet safely through a multitude of enemies. † Although the male child finally reaches the bazar. he arrives excessively late to purchase Mangan’s sister a nice gift at that place. and therefore he may every bit good have stayed place: palsy. Like the storyteller of â€Å"An Encounter. † this supporter knows that â€Å"real escapades. . . must be sought abroad. † And yet. holding set his sights on something alien or at least alien sound ing ( â€Å"Araby† means Arabia. and the bazar features a French-style cafe ) . the male child can non acquire at that place in clip for his experience to be deserving anything. Why? Because his uncle. who holds the money that will do the jaunt possible. has been out imbibing. Some critics have suggested that Mangan’s sister represents Ireland itself. and that therefore the boy’s pursuit is made on behalf of his native state. Surely. the bazar seems to unite elements of the Catholic Church and England ( the two entities that Joyce blamed most for his country’s palsy ) . merely as Father Flynn’s decease did in â€Å"The Sisters. † As the church has hypnotized its disciples. Araby has â€Å"cast an Eastern enchantment† over the male child. Furthermore. it is â€Å"not some Freemason [ Protestant ] matter. † Church parishes frequently organized bazars to raise money for charity. When the male child reaches the object of his quest. nevertheless. Araby ( the church ) is empty — except for a adult female and two work forces who speak with English speech patterns. The adult female speaks to the story’s chief character in a mode that is â€Å"not encouraging† and is clearly making so â€Å"out of a sense of responsibility. † Thus. a mission on behalf of an idealised fatherland ( the male child does non really cognize Mangan’s sister — sh e is more or less a phantasy to him ) is thwarted in bend by the Irish themselves ( the charming uncle and his leaning to imbibe ) . the church. and England. In add-on to being an creative person of the highest order. Joyce was besides a consummate craftsman. He guides his readers through the narrative itself. thereby scoring them into sing his subjects. First. he offers a chief character who elicits understanding because of his sensitiveness and solitariness. Joyce so provides that supporter with a particular. dramatic struggle ( the demand to affect Mangan’s sister with a gift from Araby ) . Though seemingly minor. this desire is obliging because it is so intensely felt by him. He cares. so the reader attentions. Then the author puts barriers in the manner of the male child and the reader: the delay for Saturday itself. and so for the uncle’s return from work. Joyce expands clip. stretches it out. by stacking on the trivial inside informations that torture the male child as he waits: the ticking of the clock. the calls of the protagonist’s playmates outside. the gossipmongering of Mrs. Mercer. the scrape of the uncle’s key in the lock. and the rocking of the hallstand. Then the uncle must eat dinner and be reminded twice of Araby. after which begins the excruciatingly slow journey itself. which seems to take topographic point in slow gesture. like a incubus. When the supporter eventually arrives at the bazar. excessively late. the reader wants so severely for the male child to purchase something. anything. for Mangan’s sister that when he says â€Å"No. thank you† to the Englishwoman who speaks to him. it is heartbreaking. â€Å"Gazing up into the darkness. † the storyteller says. â€Å"I saw myself as a animal driven and derided by amour propre ; and my eyes burned with anguish and choler. † The eyes of Joyce’s readers burn. excessively. as they read this.

Princess and the Frog free essay sample

This is a movie filled with cultural differences and cultural bias. Throughout this paper, one will read about cultural identity and cultural bias found within the movie. In addition to cultural identity and cultural bias, the concept of cultural patterns and what types of cultural patterns that are exhibited in the film will also be discussed. Cultural Identity Generating a cultural identity for animated characters on the silver screen is not a simple task. Screenplay writers must address the many layers that form an individual’s cultural identity and seamlessly integrate those pieces into the personality of the imagined character. A successful animated character is one that the audience relates to on a personal level. The character has realistic, relatable personality traits yet keeps the element of fantasy and surrealism that audience members expect from an animated movie. This expectation is increased many times over when the animated film bears the Disney logo. In the film The Princess and the Frog (2009), Disney animators chose to make the new princess an African American woman from New Orleans, Louisiana. For the screenplay writers, directors, and animators, this meant they needed to dissect the intricate relationship between racial, gender, regional, and national cultural identity to create believable characters. Brief Synopsis: The Princess and the Frog is about a young girl who lives in New Orleans named Tiana. Tiana lives with her mother, who works for a wealthy white family, the LaBouff family. The LaBouff family has a young daughter named Charlotte and Tiana’s mother, Eudora, is making a dress for Charlotte. Tiana and her mother are really close to Charlotte; she is around the same age as Tiana. Charlotte enjoys fairy tales so Eudora reads the story of The Frog Prince. While reading the story, Charlotte becomes infatuated with the idea of kissing a frog and turning it into a prince, while Tiana is not so enthused. After the story is complete, Tiana and her mother go home. Upon arriving at home, Tiana’s father James is already there preparing gumbo; Tiana’s favorite. As the meal is finished, her father tells Tiana about his dream to one day open his own restaurant. Tiana responds by stating that she wants to help; her father claims they will call it Tianas Place. Upon seeing the Evening Star outside her window, Tiana makes a wish, to which her father explains that wishing can only go so far, and that she has to help that wish along. The remainder of the movie follows Tiana as she strives to keep her father’s dream alive. In order to do so, Tiana worked and worked, only to save a majority of the money for her restaurant. In the end, Tiana fulfills her father’s dream and lived happily ever after with her prince named Naveen. Tiana and Naveen As the main protagonists of the film, Tiana and Naveen are the natural choice for demonstrating the vast differences in cultural values between the United States and the imaginary European country Naveen purportedly hails from. Tiana is a representation of the American dream that success is available to anyone regardless of station so long as that person is willing to sacrifice and work hard to achieve the dream (Stiuliuc, 2011). Within the first few scenes after the opening credits, Tiana is depicted as hard working and frugal, eschewing relationships, entertainment, and even sleep to achieve her dream of opening a restaurant. In sharp contrast to diligent Tiana, the introduction of Prince Naveen leaves no doubt that he irresponsible and far more interested in life’s pleasures than he is of taking responsibility for his behavior. In terms of cultural cues, this depiction of a pseudo-royal from an imagined European country represents the stereotype of decadence within the royal families and ruling class in Europe, (Stiuliuc, 2011). In addition to the national cultural identity portrayed by Tiana, another inescapable part of her identity is that she is an African American woman. However, in regard to portraying accurate racial and gender cultural cues from the inferred time period of the movie, namely 1920s New Orleans, Disney failed to provide enough examples of the racial tensions of the time to create a believable 1920s African American woman (Gehlawat, 2010). The only depiction of any type of tension occurs early in the movie between Tiana and the two bankers. The bankers hint, though do not outright state that race is the reason, that they will not sell an abandoned sugar mill to Tiana because of her background, (The Princess and the Frog, 2010). Aside from this, the only other depictions of the racial segregations and tensions of the time come in the beginning of the movie. The movie contrasts the beautiful home of the le Bouff family with the shanty house that Tiana lives in with her family as a child (Gehlawat, 2010). Later in the film, the New Orleans portrayed is more an idealized version of history than an accurate depiction of the times in that it is completely desegregated and people from various social statuses mingle freely. Concept and examples of cultural patterns What are concepts and patterns of cultures? I would have to say it is what a culture shares or communicates through time. Some good examples of this would be clothes, food, social relations, words, phrases, dance, music, ethics and the list goes on almost infinitely. In the princess and the frog they chose to use a time and place conducive to their version of the story. The period they chose to use, the Southern State of Louisiana and its pearl New Orleans during the Jazz Era. As you may well know, the city New Orleans was no longer subjugated to the rule of slavery, but it was still very much segregated as they portrayed lightly in the movie. Princess Tiana- then just Tiana, lived in the black slums of the city with her mother, and would travel everyday up to the inner city for work in a cafe, cooking good creole food, the most important of which were her Beignets. This was not an uncommon practice back then among the black community. However not everyone had it as good as Tiana, in fact most worked for the infamous sugar barons, and cottons kings of the day as share croppers back then. Sugar and cotton were the most important crops that city had to offer so it made since to be a share croppers back then. Share Cropping is simply the owner of land allowing a person to live on that land while the owner takes a large percentage of the crops. In other words, it is no way for anyone to live. But how do you escape the hardship and pain of barely making ends meet? The answer to this question is simply music and cultural freedom. Music helps to relieve the soul of whatever is ailing it, and cultural freedom helps to aid in self-expression. Since this was the jazz era, there was a whole lot of self-expression going on. Let’s think about the sound track for a moment here, Disney chose a well-known jazz singer performer song writer Randy Newman and, the Brass band known as the Dirty Dozen to put together the music that helped in bringing the movie to life. I think Randy’s goal was to try and recreate the passion of the time with his music, focusing on the sound of the horns and the rawness of his vocal inflections while performing the pieces. What a great job Randy did working with Disney to recreate a place on innovation and majesty. In combination with the Architecture, food, colors, music, and customs Disney really made you feel as if you were stepping back into the roaring twenties in New Orleans. Cultural Bias Cultural biases are a normal part of human nature. Individuals tend to see themselves as belonging to a specific group based on ethnic origin, regional association, or nationality. It is this sense of cultural belonging that leads individuals to develop biases toward those they recognize as belonging to a different group. These cultural biases are demonstrated through behaviors like stereotyping, ethnocentrism, prejudice, discrimination, and racism. In the movie, The Princess and the Frog, there were quite a few cultural biases depicted throughout the movie. In the presentation of the main characters, Tiana and Naveen, there was a very specific racial issue that caused much speculation. If the movie was supposed to focus on African American characters, why was Tiana’s Prince not African American? There were also some racial biases, such as the antagonists in the movie having a darker skin tone than the protagonists, even though the animators intended for the protagonists to be people of color. Voodoo was also a big cultural bias used in this Disney movie. The New Orleans area is almost synonymous with the place where all African Americans who practice voodoo go to live. Voodoo is a cultural bias, in itself, because it is a stereotype of what â€Å"evil† African Americans use to do bad things to people. According to Disney’s portrayal, Voodoo is not a specific religion, but a type of superstition or magic beliefs that people usually try to stay far away from. Some less obvious cultural bias’ in the movie were representations of American culture such as; Tiana’s hard working way of life making her a bore, the accents and way of speaking by the southern characters who live near the bayou, and the sexual bias that Tiana’s life was better once she found love and a man that she could marry (Dargis, 2009). Though these cultural biases were not directly stated in this children’s film, it was not hard to tell that Disney did include them hoping to entertain an audience. Verbal Intercultural communication With the different cultural backgrounds of the cast in the movie, The Princess and the Frog, some verbal intercultural communication theories are embedded. Most noticeable in this movie is Hofstede’s power distance theory. Power distance â€Å"refers to how much a culture does or does not accept and value hierarchical relationships and respect for authority,† Jim C. 2005) The Princess and the Frog highlights both ends of power distance, the low- power distance and the high-power distance. Eli Big Daddy La Bouff and her daughter Charlotte La Bouff exhibit the traits of a low-power distance family, while Tiana and her parents exhibit the traits of a high-power distance family. â€Å"Children raised in high power-distance cultures are expected to obey their parents without challenging or questioning them, while children raised in low power-distance cultures put less value on obedience and are taught to seek reasons or justifications for their parents’ actions,† (Lustig Koester, 2010). This trait is apparent from the beginning of the movie, when Tiana’s father inculcates the habit of hard work as a pathway to success. Although she made wishes with the evening star, her father emphasized that hard work has to follow wishes for it to come through. This teaching and believe systems from her father helped see her through her dreams of owning a restaurant, working two jobs and depriving herself of any form of pleasure to achieve her goal. She strictly adhered to what her father taught her as a child out of respect for the man who sacrificed so much to give her family a future. As the daughter of a wealthy man, Charlotte does not exhibit the same version of the American values that Tiana does. She was raised in a household full of riches and did not have to work for anything. She asks for no advice, takes no responsibility for her future, or lacks for any want. As demonstrated early in the movie, Charlotte need only ask her father for what she wants and she receives it without doing anything to earn it. She believed that her wishes could always come through by merely making wishes through the evening star. This represents the dark underbelly of American culture that runs counter to the belief that hard work, determination, and sacrifice will lead a person to success. Members of this counter-culture, regardless of racial identity or social class, appear to hold the belief that others will always provide for them, therefore they should not need to work for what they want or need. Conclusion The topics that are discussed throughout the paper are all topics that would be beneficial when communicating with people from other cultures. The topic of cultural differences is multi-dimensional and numerous areas exist. After reading this paper, one should have a better understanding of cultural identity, cultural bias, the concept of cultural patterns, and types of cultural patterns that are exhibited amongst various cultures.